List of largest cities

From Bharatpedia, an open encyclopedia



Template:World city population tables

The United Nations uses three definitions for what constitutes a city, as not all cities in all jurisdictions are classified using the same criteria. Cities may be defined as the cities proper, the extent of their urban area, or their metropolitan regions. The largest city by population using the city proper definition, which is the area under the administrative boundaries of a local government, is Chongqing, China. The largest city by population using the metropolitan area definition, which is a loose term referring to urban area and its primary commuter areas, is Tokyo, Japan. The largest city by population using the urban area definition, which is a loose term referring to a contiguous area with a certain population density, is also Tokyo, Japan.

Definitions[edit]

City proper (administrative)[edit]


A city can be defined by its administrative boundaries (city proper). UNICEF defines city proper as "the population living within the administrative boundaries of a city or controlled directly from the city by a single authority." A city proper is a locality defined according to legal or political boundaries and an administratively recognised urban status that is usually characterised by some form of local government.[1][2][3] Cities proper and their boundaries and population data may not include suburbs.[4]

The use of city proper as defined by administrative boundaries may not include suburban areas where an important proportion of the population working or studying in the city lives.[4] Because of this definition, the city proper population figure may differ greatly with the urban area population figure, as many cities are amalgamations of smaller municipalities (Australia), and conversely, many Chinese cities govern territories that extend well beyond the traditional "city proper" into suburban and rural areas.[5] The Chinese municipality of Chongqing, which claims the largest city proper in the world, comprises a huge administrative area of 82,403 km2, around the size of Austria. However, more than 70% of its 30-million population are actually agricultural workers living in a rural setting.[6][7]

Urban area[edit]

A city can be defined as a conditionally contiguous urban area, without regard to territorial or other boundaries inside an urban area. UNICEF defines urban area as follows:

The definition of "urban" varies from country to country, and, with periodic reclassification, can also vary within one country over time, making direct comparisons difficult. An urban area can be defined by one or more of the following: administrative criteria or political boundaries (e.g., area within the jurisdiction of a municipality or town committee), a threshold population size (where the minimum for an urban settlement is typically in the region of 2,000 people, although this varies globally between 200 and 50,000), population density, economic function (e.g., where a significant majority of the population is not primarily engaged in agriculture, or where there is surplus employment) or the presence of urban characteristics (e.g., paved streets, electric lighting, sewerage).

According to Demographia, an urban area is a continuously built up land mass of urban development that is within a labor market (metropolitan area or metropolitan region) and contains no rural land.[8]

Metropolitan area[edit]

Tokyo is widely considered the world's largest city (by urban area and metropolitan area). The satellite image shows that its urbanization has exceeded its city limits.

A city can be defined by the inhabitants of its demographic population, as by metropolitan area, or labour market area. UNICEF defines metropolitan area as follows:

A formal local government area comprising the urban area as a whole and its primary commuter areas, typically formed around a city with a large concentration of people (i.e., a population of at least 100,000). In addition to the city proper, a metropolitan area includes both the surrounding territory with urban levels of residential density and some additional lower-density areas that are adjacent to and linked to the city (e.g., through frequent transport, road linkages or commuting facilities).

In many countries, metropolitan areas are established either with an official organisation or only for statistical purposes. In the United States, metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for statistical purposes.[9] In the Philippines, metropolitan areas have an official agency, such as Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) which manages Manila metropolitan area.[10] Similar agencies exist in Indonesia such as Jabodetabekjur Development Cooperation Agency for Jakarta metropolitan area.[11]

List[edit]

There are 81 cities with a population over 5 million people according to the United Nations 2018 estimates. The UN figures are a mixture of city proper, metropolitan area, and urban area. Several cities such as Jakarta and Seoul have significantly larger metropolitan/urban population figures which are excluded in the UN data.[12]

City[lower-alpha 1] Country UN 2018 population estimates[lower-alpha 2] City proper[lower-alpha 3] Metropolitan area[lower-alpha 4] Urban area[8]
Definition Population Area
(km2)
Density
(/km2)
Population Area
(km2)
Density
(/km2)
Population Area
(km2)
Density
(/km2)
Tōkyō  Japan 37,400,068 Metropolis prefecture Template:Density
[13]
Template:Density
[14]
Template:Density
[lower-alpha 5]
Delhi  India 28,514,000 Capital City Template:Density
[15]
Template:Density
[16]
Template:Density
[lower-alpha 6]
Shanghai  China 25,582,000 Municipality Template:Density
[17][18]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
[lower-alpha 7]
São Paulo  Brazil 21,650,000 Municipality Template:Density
[19]
Template:Density
[20]
Template:Density
[lower-alpha 8]
Mexico City  Mexico 21,581,000 City-state Template:Density
[21]
Template:Density
[22]
Template:Density
Cairo  Egypt 20,076,000 Urban governorate Template:Density
[23]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Mumbai  India 19,980,000 Municipality Template:Density
[24]
Template:Density
[25]
Template:Density
[26][lower-alpha 9]
Beijing  China 19,618,000 Municipality Template:Density
[17][18]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Dhaka  Bangladesh 19,578,000 Capital city Template:Density
[27][28]
14,543,124
[29]
N/A N/A Template:Density
Osaka  Japan 19,281,000 Designated city Template:Density
[13]
Template:Density
[14]
Template:Density
[lower-alpha 10]
New York  United States 18,819,000 City Template:Density
[30]
Template:Density
[31]
Template:Density
[lower-alpha 11]
Karachi  Pakistan 15,400,000 Metropolitan city Template:Density
[32][33]
Template:Density
[34]
Template:Density
[35]
Buenos Aires  Argentina 14,967,000 Autonomous city Template:Density
[36]
12,806,866
[37]
N/A N/A Template:Density
Chongqing  China 14,838,000 Municipality Template:Density
[38][18]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Istanbul  Turkey 14,751,000 Metropolitan municipality Template:Density
[39]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Kolkata  India 14,681,000 Municipality Template:Density
[40]
Template:Density
[41]
Template:Density
[42]
Manila  Philippines 13,482,000 Capital city Template:Density
Template:PH census
Template:Density
Template:PH census
Template:Density
[lower-alpha 12]
Lagos  Nigeria 13,463,000 [lower-alpha 13] N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
[43]
Template:Density
Rio de Janeiro  Brazil 13,293,000 Municipality Template:Density
[44]
Template:Density
[45]
Template:Density
Tianjin  China 13,215,000 Municipality Template:Density
[17][18]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Kinshasa Template:Country data DR Congo 13,171,000 City-province Template:Density
[46]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Guangzhou  China 12,638,000 City (sub-provincial) Template:Density
[17]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
[lower-alpha 14]
Los Angeles  United States 12,458,000 City Template:Density
[30]
Template:Density
[47]
Template:Density
Moscow  Russia 12,410,000 Federal city Template:Density
[48][49]
20,004,462
[50]
N/A N/A Template:Density
Shenzhen  China 11,908,000 City (sub-provincial) Template:Density
[17]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Lahore  Pakistan 11,738,000 Metropolitan city Template:Density
[32]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Bangalore  India 11,440,000 Municipality Template:Density
[51]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Paris  France 10,901,000 Commune Template:Density
[52]
12,244,807 N/A N/A Template:Density
Bogotá  Colombia 10,574,000 Capital District Template:Density
[53]
Template:Density
[54]
Template:Density
Jakarta  Indonesia 10,517,000 Special capital region Template:Density
[55]
Template:Density
[56]
Template:Density
[lower-alpha 15]
Chennai  India 10,456,000 Municipality Template:Density
[57][58]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Lima  Peru 10,391,000 Metropolitan municipality Template:Density
[59]
Template:Density
[60]
Template:Density
Bangkok  Thailand 10,156,000 Special administrative area Template:Density
[61]
Template:Density
[62]
Template:Density
[63]
Seoul  South Korea 9,963,000 Special city 10,013,781 605 16,208[64] 25,514,000 11,704 2,180[64] 22,394,000 2,769 8,087
Nagoya  Japan 9,507,000 Designated city Template:Density
[13]
Template:Density
[14]
Template:Density
Hyderabad  India 9,482,000 Municipality Template:Density
[65][66]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
London  United Kingdom 9,046,000 Capital city Template:Density
[67]
14,372,596
[68]
8,382 1,715 Template:Density
Tehran  Iran 8,896,000 Capital city Template:Density
[69][70]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Chicago  United States 8,864,000 City Template:Density
[30]
Template:Density
[71]
Template:Density
Chengdu  China 8,813,000 City (sub-provincial) Template:Density
[17]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Nanjing  China 8,245,000 City (sub-provincial) Template:Density
[72]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Wuhan  China 8,176,000 City (sub-provincial) Template:Density
[17]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Ho Chi Minh City  Vietnam 8,145,000 Municipality Template:Density
[73]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Luanda  Angola 7,774,000 Municipality Template:Density
[74]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Ahmedabad  India 7,681,000 Municipality Template:Density
[75]
6,300,000
[76]
N/A N/A Template:Density
Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia 7,564,000 City Template:Density
[77]
Template:Density
[78]
Template:Density
Xi'an  China 7,444,000 City (sub-provincial) Template:Density
[17]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Hong Kong  China 7,429,000 Special administrative region Template:Density
[79][80]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Dongguan  China 7,360,000 Prefecture-level city Template:Density
[17]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Hangzhou  China 7,236,000 City (sub-provincial) Template:Density
[17]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Foshan  China 7,236,000 Prefecture-level city Template:Density
[17]
N/A N/A N/A N/A[81] N/A N/A
Shenyang  China 6,921,000 City (sub-provincial) Template:Density
[17]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
[lower-alpha 16]
Riyadh  Saudi Arabia 6,907,000 Municipality Template:Density
[82]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Baghdad  Iraq 6,812,000 Urban governorate Template:Density
[83]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Santiago  Chile 6,680,000 City (commune) Template:Density
[84]
Template:Density
[85]
Template:Density
Surat  India 6,564,000 Municipality Template:Density
[86]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Madrid  Spain 6,497,000 Municipality Template:Density
[87]
6,641,649 N/A N/A Template:Density
Suzhou  China 6,339,000 Prefecture-level city Template:Density
[17]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Pune  India 6,276,000 Municipality Template:Density
[88]
Template:Density
[89]
Template:Density
Harbin  China 6,115,000 City (sub-provincial) Template:Density
[17]
N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Houston  United States 6,115,000 City Template:Density
[30]
Template:Density
[90]
Template:Density
Dallas  United States 6,099,000 City Template:Density
[30]
Template:Density
[91]
Template:Density
[lower-alpha 17]
Toronto  Canada 6,082,000 City Template:Density
[92][93]
Template:Density
[94]
Template:Density
Dar es Salaam  Tanzania 6,048,000 City Template:Density N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Miami  United States 6,036,000 City Template:Density
[30]
Template:Density Template:Density
Belo Horizonte  Brazil 5,972,000 City Template:Density Template:Density Template:Density
Singapore  Singapore 5,792,000 Country Template:Density N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Philadelphia  United States 5,695,000 Consolidated city-county Template:Density 6,096,120 N/A N/A Template:Density
Atlanta  United States 5,572,000 City Template:Density Template:Density Template:Density
Fukuoka  Japan 5,551,000 Designated city Template:Density N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Khartoum  Sudan 5,534,000 N/A Template:Density 5,274,321 N/A N/A Template:Density
Barcelona  Spain 5,494,000 Municipality Template:Density
[95]
5,474,482
[96]
N/A N/A Template:Density
Johannesburg  South Africa 5,486,000 Metropolitan municipality N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Template:Density[97]
Saint Petersburg  Russia 5,383,000 Federal city N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Qingdao  China 5,381,000 City (sub-provincial) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Dalian  China 5,300,000 City (sub-provincial) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Washington, D.C.  United States 5,207,000 Federal district Template:Density
[30]
Template:Density
[98]
Template:Density
[lower-alpha 18]
Yangon  Myanmar 5,157,000 City N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Alexandria  Egypt 5,086,000 Urban governorate N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Jinan  China 5,052,000 City (sub-provincial) Template:Density N/A N/A N/A Template:Density
Guadalajara  Mexico 5,023,000 Municipality Template:Density
[21]
Template:Density Template:Density
[22]

See also[edit]

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Notes[edit]

  1. For urban/metropolitan areas that have more than one core city, the figure for their city proper should use either the most populous one (e.g. Dallas for Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex) or the best-known one (e.g. Manila for Metro Manila, instead of Quezon City).
  2. UN figures for each cities are varied between city proper, metropolitan area, and urban agglomeration.[12]
  3. Figures taken from official census when possible
  4. Figures taken from official census when possible
  5. Includes large areas Tokyo, Kanagawa, Chiba and Saitama prefectures and smaller areas of Gunma, Tochigi and Ibaraki prefectures.
  6. Includes Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Noida, Gurgaon and Bahadurgarh urban areas and New Delhi.
  7. Includes Taicang
  8. Includes Francisco Morato
  9. Includes Kalyan and urban areas of Panvel, Bhiwandi and Vasai-Virar.
  10. Includes major cities of Kobe and Kyoto, collectively also known as Keihanshin area.
  11. Includes Bridgeport, New Haven, Trenton, Danbury, Waterbury and Twin Rivers urban areas.
  12. The continuous urbanization of Manila extends outward its Metro Manila into other neighbouring provinces such as Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal, Pampanga and Batangas provinces.
  13. Although commonly referred to as a city, Lagos is a metropolitan area consisting of 16 local government areas.
  14. Includes the city of Foshan.
  15. Includes Tangerang, South Tangerang, Bogor, Bekasi and Karawang.
  16. Includes the city of Fushun.
  17. Includes the city of Fort Worth, collectively known as Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex.
  18. Includes the city of Baltimore.

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