History of modern Kangleipak

From Bharatpedia, an open encyclopedia
(Redirected from History of modern Manipur)
Information red.svg
Scan the QR code to donate via UPI
Dear reader, We need your support to keep the flame of knowledge burning bright! Our hosting server bill is due on June 1st, and without your help, Bharatpedia faces the risk of shutdown. We've come a long way together in exploring and celebrating our rich heritage. Now, let's unite to ensure Bharatpedia continues to be a beacon of knowledge for generations to come. Every contribution, big or small, makes a difference. Together, let's preserve and share the essence of Bharat.

Thank you for being part of the Bharatpedia family!
Please scan the QR code on the right click here to donate.

0%

   

transparency: ₹0 raised out of ₹100,000 (0 supporter)


FB7A9290.jpg
Appearance of the Coat of arms of Manipur in the Flag of Manipur

The history of Modern Kangleipak or Modern Manipur covers the history of Kangleipak (present day Manipur) from the Seven Years Devastation (Chahi Taret Khuntakpa) period from the Burmese Empire to the present day.[1]

Seven Years Devastation[edit]

The Burmese invaded Manipur several times but the most notable one was in 1819, during the reign of King Marjit. The Burmese occupied Manipur from 1819 to 1826. During this time, Manipur was devastated and there was chaos and anarchy everywhere. This dark period is called Chahi Taret Khuntakpa (Seven Years Devastation).[2][3][4]

Manipuri Levy[edit]

There were exploitations of the Manipuri Levy, which was the first standing army of Manipur, born out of Manipur National Struggle against the Burmese rule during the Seven Years Devastation.[5][6][7][8]

Anglo-Manipuri War[edit]

Action by Lt CJW Grant, VC, 1891.jpg

In the year 1891, the historic Anglo-Manipuri war (Manipur's National Liberation Struggle) took place. The Manipuri soldiers showed their might in the losing battle, sacrificing their lives for the motherland. The combat ended with British victory.[9][10][11][12]

As far as back in 1855, the Chief Commissioner of Assam asked the government of British India for its opinion for reforms in Manipur administration. He stated the Political agent of British Government in Manipur exercised very little interference in internal matters of Manipur and he wanted to change this. He particularly recommended the abolition of slavery system prevailed in Manipur, reform in trade system , a system of passes and the administration of jails and law courts with immediate effect. The Viceroy replied

The GoI in general, felt that it would not be justified to carry out any sweeping reforms in the 'Native States in India' but set the 'exceptional' case for Manipur. It recommended that the reform being advocated 'may be possible and expedient' as Manipur was 'not a State in India' .[13]

And cautioned not to proceed too fast and advised considering opinion of local officers and then submitting an official representation so that the attentive consideration of Government of India could be taken up.

The previous free supply of arms, ammunition and other aids to Manipur had been gradually removed. This led to reduction of Manipuri troops and a report against the state of administration increased.The political agents escorts had been increased double fold. Since 1855 an Indian regiment was stationed at Langthabal which were responsible for suppressing internal rebellion in Manipur, this was later minimized to two companies only. Maharajah Surchandra influenced declined making him unpopular among his subjects. It was in this time Senapati Tikendrajit emerged as a promising leader in Manipur.While being so popular among the people of Manipur, Tikendrajit did everything to stop British influence in Manipur's affairs.

This displeased the British so much which made him seen as a threat to British influence in Manipur. Every possible means was taken up by British to remove him from Manipur. He was initially accused of taking the administration of Manipur State in his own hands making the king a mere puppet, this was considered in a way as a war against Queen Empress of India under colonial law. Next he was accused of brutally torturing Manipur people. The Viceroy even remarked Tikendrajit as 'notorious'. In 1888, Maharajah Sur Chandra was advised to remove Tikendrajit from Manipur, which was declined though and no one can know for sure what prompted the Maharajah to go to British Residency and what exactly was conspired between the political agent and him. In September he signed an abdication letter and immediately went to British territory to collude with the British for restoration of his power (king's power).[14]

Japanese bombing[edit]

Japanese bombing in Imphal took place several times in the history of Manipur, thereby creating high casualties to the people of Manipur. The first bombing was in the year 1942, heralding the beginning of the Second World War in Manipur.[15][16]

Related pages[edit]

Sources[edit]

References[edit]

  1. https://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/puwarimeitei.html#(iv)%20The%20Modern%20Period
  2. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur.seven_years_devastation
  3. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur.A_Brief_Note_On_Chahi_Taret_Khuntakpa
  4. https://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/puwarimeitei.html#(iv)%20The%20Modern%20Period
  5. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur.Glorious_Exploits_of_Manipur_Levy_1
  6. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur.Glorious_Exploits_of_Manipur_Levy_2
  7. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur.Glorious_Exploits_of_Manipur_Levy_3
  8. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur.Glorious_Exploits_of_Manipur_Levy_4
  9. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur.Historic_Anglo_Manipuri_war_of_1891_1
  10. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur.Historic_Anglo_Manipuri_war_of_1891_2
  11. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur.A_brief_note_on_Anglo_Manipuri_War
  12. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageSelector.asp?src=Historical_significance_of_Anglo-Manipur_War_of_1891_By_Vividraj_Achom&ch=manipur&sub1=History_of_Manipur&sub2=Historical_War_Manipur
  13. Guite, Jangkhomang (2015-12-01). "One Event, Two States: Commemorating the Deaths of 1891 in Manipur". Indian Historical Review. 42 (2): 232. doi:10.1177/0376983615597381. ISSN 0376-9836.
  14. Guite, Jangkhomang (2015-12-01). "One Event, Two States: Commemorating the Deaths of 1891 in Manipur". Indian Historical Review. 42 (2): 226–260. doi:10.1177/0376983615597381. ISSN 0376-9836.
  15. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur.Japanese_bombing_of_Imphal_Part_1
  16. http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Historical_War_Manipur.Japanese_bombing_of_Imphal_Part_2